Hydroelectric turbines

•  Hydroelectric turbines for small jumps,

•  Hydroelectric turbines for water flowing in streams.

Observing a basin of water, natural or artificial, at a high altitude, we understand what an enormous quantity of potential energy is enclosed in the mass of water at that height.

The usual hydroelectric plants exploit considerable differences in height to produce electricity.

If we could observe, so to speak, the mass of water as a whole which, at lower average altitudes, flows towards the sea, we would realize that it is greater than that contained in the current hydroelectric basins at high altitudes.

And also the overall difference in level, the sum of the many small differences in level of the waters distributed in the valleys, is impressive.

Historically, particular hydraulic machines have used this energy potential to supply energy to handicraft, industrial and agricultural activities, for example mills for grinding grain, machines for the metallurgical industry, water lifters for agricultural irrigation.

The patented water turbines for small differences in height and those patented for running water exploit the energy sources described above.

The hydro turbines are robust, compact, equipped with automatisms, safeguards and protections for the rotors.

The patented electro-hydraulic generator for small differences in level concerns particular hydroelectric turbines that work by exploiting small differences in water level (0.5 - 16 m).

In the so-called flat areas there may be streams in which the water makes small jumps in level, furthermore industrial discharges and waste water from purifiers can be exploited to produce hydroelectric energy.

With the same head and flow rate, compared to the Archimedean screw turbine, the hydroelectric turbine patented for small heads is appreciably more efficient and powerful. The moving parts of the turbine are protected and pose absolutely no danger. The water that acts on the turbine does not undergo strongly swirling movements such as those caused by the screw.

The small head hydroelectric turbine has an efficiency of transformation of potential mechanical energy into electricity of about 96%.

In addition to the potential mechanical energy, the kinetic energy possessed by the water upstream of the turbine is also transformed into electrical energy by means of the small head hydroelectric turbine.

The hydroelectric turbine respects the eco system, and in particular the fish fauna; fish can go up.

The energy, produced by hydro generators distributed throughout the territory and located near industrial and agricultural civil settlements, can be immediately used on site without transport costs.

For example, water purification plants consume energy, part of which can be recovered by special hydroelectric turbines that work with the water leaving the purifier.

A particular application is the direct use of energy, recovered through generators driven by waste water, which helps to operate industrial and purification plants, without transforming kinetic energy into electricity and then subsequently electricity into kinetic energy and therefore without energy loss due to energy transformations.